аЯрЁБс>ўџ ўџџџ€џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџ§џџџХўџџџўџџџ   !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~Root EntryџџџџџџџџУлЭ(т ЮЂšЊJrр‡ый%ШПРMatOSTџџџџџџџџ`ЮРй%ШП@—бй%ШПMMџџџџџџџџџџџџMN0џџџџ z~ўџџџўџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџNDўџ џџџџУлЭ(т ЮЂšЊJrMicrosoft Works MSWorksDBDocє9Вq ^\T;;  ;% ; ; O O OkTЊ kTЊ kT3kT3kTьkTƒkT3kTbkT-kT 3kT 3kT g kT g kT g fTџ1]T0]T0]T0]T0]T]T]Tll grows with the animal inside the shell. It does not grow a new one or change shells. Shells are hard to find intact on the beach, but shell is a favorite of collectors. Mollusk inside does not have a head. YesArk Shell#Seashell creature: clam-like,white, yellowish-white, reddish-brown”one side is larger than the other; ribs on the outside, small teeth on the hinge inside; a bivalve; shapeless animal lives inside; no siphon[T р?[T @0microscopic animals and plants (plankton)omnivoreocean, shallow waterT found on sandy ocean bottom; sometimes they attach to rocks in shallow water, whelks and sea starsБ Young have a thread-like appendage that they use to attach themselves to rocks. Shell grows with the clam-like animal inside. They do not change shells or grow new ones.т Live ark shells are covered with a dark hairy layer and sometimes the hairy layer is still on the shell when it washes up on the shore. One of the most abundant shells found on the NC coast. Over 10 species found in NC.G Not in NC; some are used for food in Caribbean and the far East.Auger Shell$Seashell creature: snail-likeDlight tan, orange, gray, bluish-gray, and or yellowish-brownЇsmall, long, and narrow one-piece gastropod shell; whorls on shell that is pointed at one end and open on the other; snail inside has tentacles and a large foot[T є?[T @.worms, and possibly other invertebratescarnivore ocean7 on sandy bottoms, from low-tide level to 100 ft. whelks and sea stars_ Shell grows with the young, animal does not grow a new shell, nor does it change shellsХ Some species have a poison that they use to paralyze worms. Little is known about the whole diet of Augers. The most common species found in NC are the Atlantic Auger and the Concave Auger. NoBarnacleCrustacean1brownish, whitish, grey, blue-grey, or tanСAcorn barnacles are volcano-shaped; Goose Barnacles have a shell on the end of a flexible stalk; shapeless creature inside; 12 hairy thread like "legs" called cirri protrude from the top[T р?[T @Wplankton-microscopic plants and animals- caught by the cirri waving in the wateromnivoreshallow to deeper water they attach themselves to rocks, pilings, boat bottoms, seashells, whales, crabs, turtles, coral, sea stars, sponges, and Horseshoe crabsD whelks, olive shells, tulip shells, and other snails, and manЦ Eggs are fertilized and are hatched inside the parent. When hatched, it has 12 legs & 1 eye. Next it has 24 legs & 3 eyes. When it's an adult it loses its eyes & legs & attaches to an object.э They attach themselves to ships' bottoms decreasing the speed and increasing fuel. They cost shippers about $100 million a year. Wounds from stepping on barnacles can be easily infected and must be cleaned and cared for carefully.[ Yes, but not in the US. Large Goose Barnacles are eaten in other parts of the world.Black Skimmer Birdpblack on top, white on underside, red beak with a black tip; red legs; head black to the eyes, then whiteТshort,red legs on a slim body, long, scissor-like beak with upper part of beak shorter than the lower part of the beak; long pointed wings; webbed feeџTTЃS&T VџџT VT&Arial&T Vџ ZT DZT Х ^\T;;  ;% ; ; O O OkTЊ kTЊ kT3kT3kTьkTƒkT3kTbkT-kT 3kT 3kT g kT g kT g fTџ1]T0]T0]T0]T0]T]T]T0]T0]T0]T 0]T 0]T 0]T 0]T 0 NameЫFђи’эšџ TypeЫFђи’ ›џ ColorFђи’%›џ DescriptionA›џ Size min.in.›џ Size max.in.›џ DietЫFђи’•›џ Classificationџ Habitatђи’Э›џ HomeЫFђи’щ› џ Predators’œ џ YoungFђи’!œ џ Commentsи’=œ џ Edible?ђи’Yœ џT2TWT&ArialŒŽЉ‚<ŠЉ‚є’LђŽЉ‚ШЈЈ‚єЇ GTŠюArial џ3kT kT 2@e TdT_TMx( dkT 2@e_TMxh( dkT 2@e_TMxа dkT 2@e_TMx8 dkT 2@e_TMx АdkT 2@e_TMxLdkT 2@e_TMxp dkT 2@e_TMxи dkT 2@e_TMx@ tdkT 2@e_TMxЈ  dkT 2@e_TMx dkT 2@e_TMxx мdkT 2@e_TMxр мdkT 2@e_TMxH мdkT 2@e$oT3TPTgTt  р=а/а8  р=а/а8d#T  р=а/а8d&ђ%ђAngel Wing#Seashell creature: clam-likeChalky whiteКfragile, approx. 30 spiny ribs crossed by faint lines; a bivalve, both sides are identical; when open, shell resembles a pair of angel's wings; animal inside has a spoon-like foot[T @[T  @]microscopic plants and animals (plankton) obtained by siphoning water into their shellomnivore3shallow ocean, empty shells found on beachesc  from low tide to 60 ft., sometimes it burrows into mud, clay, or peat on the ocean bottom.+ whelks, olive shells, sea stars, mana Shet; makes a "auw and kaup, kaup" sound[T 0@[T 4@Јfish, shrimp, and other crustaceans; it feeds by flying over water and skimming the water with its beak; when it hits an object, it grabs hold with the upper jawcarnivore+near sounds and shore on sandy areas  they build nests on the ground on protected barrier beaches and sandy dredge-spoil islands created by man; nests are just bowl-shaped hollows in the sandV man (destroying their nesting areas), young are prey to wandering dogs and catsИ Young hatch from three to five tan eggs with dark splotches. Parents will pretend injury if nest is disturbed. Young birds are similar to adult but with mottled brown underside.ё Increasing development of beaches by humans have caused these birds to lose many nesting sites. It feeds most often in early evening and night. It feeds while skimming. Also called the Black Scissorbill. Males are larger than females. No.Blue CrabCrab (crustacean)]olive-green on body, blue on claws and legs, claw tips are red, and underside is whiteУ5 pairs of legs-1st pair are pincers, next 3 are walking, last pair are used for swimming. Males are larger than females; eyes on stalks, but can pull eyes into shell when dangers appears.[T @[T (@.small fish, shrimp, crabs, dead animalscarnivoresounds and estuariesW they live in waters of sounds but females go to the ocean to release their eggs.* man, gulls, herons, octopuses, fishШ Young are born from over 2 million eggs in the sea and under go several changes before they resemble the adult. The pinhead size young bury themselves in the mud of sounds for its first winterп When it outgrows its shell, it sheds it and the new shell hardens in 2 days, it is a "softshell" crab at this stage. They have powerful claws and their pinch can be painful. If they lose a leg, they can grow another.b Yes. Hardshells are steamed and softshells are fried whole. They have delicious white meat.Bluefish Fish%silver with a blue-green tingelong shape, big head, large jaw with sharp, flattened, triangular teeth; they weigh from 1-12 pounds although the NC record is 31 pounds[T @[T €F@†squid and marine worms; menhaden, mullet, bluefish, and other fish; they are hearty eaters eating twice their weight in one daycarnivore#shallow to deep ocean waters{ Found in water 66 to 72 degrees; they swim in schools and are caught by surf fishermen most often in spring and fall bluefish, fish, manЙ Young have a hard time surviving because they are not only prey for other fish, but other bluefish as well. Thousands of eggs are laid at one time. Young are often found in bays.і They are vicious eaters, they swim through a school slashing back and forth with their teeth, and sometimes bite swimmers when they do. They often kill more than they eat. Fishermen must be careful of the sharp teeth when reeling blues in._ Yes. They have a strong flavor and taste best if they are eaten soon after being caught.Brown Pelican Birdcadult has a gray-brown body with white head; young is dull brown on top, lighter brown belowСvery large birds; long and solid beak; feet are large and webbed; red area around the eyes; pouch beneath the beak; short legs; beak is slightly curved on the very end; wingspan 6-7 feet[T B@[T N@Ћlive fish, especially Menhaden and Mullet; they feed by diving in water from high above and sucking in up to 2.5 gallons of water in their pouch and hopefully, foodcarnivoreonly coastal areasЋ they build nests on unihabited coastal islands in large colonies; nests are made of sticks and grasses on the ground or in low bushes; can be seen on piers or docks< man (destroying nesting sites and poisoning with DDT)Ю Babies are born blind, featherless, and helpless. They are fed by food regurgitated from parents' pouches. They get feathers in 10-12 days and leave nest in 9 weeks. Young are noisy, adults are quietї Pelicans can be seen flying in V-shaped formations like geese. They were on the Endangered Species list but now have been removed are their numbers are increasing. They are still protected by law. Many Pelicans fly to Florida in the winter. No.Burrfish Fish6greenish-gray with yellowish to white undersideМshaped like a large loaf of bread unless bothered, then it puffs up displaying sharp spines; beak like jaw, no teeth or pelvic fins; scaleless skin; soft fins; gills are small slits[T @[T $@\snails, crustaceans, sea urchins; they crush their prey with their hard sharp jawbonecarnivore4shallow water in grass beds; deeper in winterN found in sounds, inlets, and are caught by surf fishermen and off piers mand Young and smaller fish make good aquarium pets. They will inflate when rubbed on their belly.ё Burrfish inflate their bellies with water in the ocean and with air when they are caught. They do not swim as most fish(with tailfins), but by fanning their side fins, making them an unusual sight in the ocean. Also called a Blowfish.R Yes. However Burrfish flesh can be poisonous and must be cleaned carefully. Cannonball Jellyfish: milky white body with brownish band around the edgeБ a round jelly-like body; body is mostly transparent so that internal organs can be seen from the outside; no true tentacles, lower part of body is a stalk with short arms[T  @[T  (@/ small fish and other small ocean animals carnivore deep ocean water although they live in deep water, they often appear in the summer near shore and wash up on the beach to die, sometimes in great numbers! ocean sunfish, sea turtlesA Young hatch from eggs and are plankton when they are born.ї Unlike other jellyfish, only mild stings occur from the Cannonball, also called the Cabbage Head or Jellybomb. They are simple creatures with no backbone and are not true fish. Some Pacific jelly fish have poison that can kill in 3 minutes.e Yes, but not in NC. In some parts of the world they are eaten in the form of a flour or paste. Caspian Tern  Birdb blood red bill with a black tip; black cap on head; gray wings, rest of large body is whiteМ tail is more notched than forked; trace of a black crest on the head; short black legs; looks more like a gull in flight; makes a "kraa, karr, karaa-uh, kaks, or ka-ka-kraaaa" sound[T  3@[T  7@n small fish; dives for fish, but also sits on the water like a gull; it will steal fish from other birds carnivore# beaches, but is found inlanda nest is a depression on the ground; found also along rivers, canals, large lakes, and bays man, Herring Gulls Young have black caps streaked with white and red legs. Adults feed the young by dropping small fish down their throats.І The largest tern in North America and easily recognized by its heavy build. It is more gull-like than other terns. It likes to steal fish from other sea birds. No. Cockle Shell# Seashell creature: clam-likeH can be yellowish, creamy white, tan, or have reddish brown spots.Б bivalve with both sides equal; oval to almost circluar shape, although some are squarish or triangular; radial ribs with scalloped edges; animal inside has a strong foot.[T  а?[T  @L  siphons plankton (microscopic plants and animals) and decayed matter omnivore0 shallow ocean water to water 100 ft. deep- burrows into the ocean or sound bottom3 sea stars, whelks, moon shells, olive shellsx Young look like parents when born and protect themselves by burrowing quickly in the sand with their strong foot.є Very common on NC beaches. 7 different kinds are found in NC. Cockle shells have been on Earth about 65 million years. The Egg Cockle is capable of leaping using its powerful foot, and has been observed jumping out of a boat when caught.Œ Yes, but rarely eaten in NC. They are eaten raw and cooked in European countries. Some North Carolinians make and eat cockle chowder. Common Tern  Birdb red-orange bill with black tip; black head; gray wings; white under body; red legs and feetП pointed beak; black covers head from just under the eye and above; forked tail feathers do not extend beyond folded wings; short legs; makes a "kee-ar, kip, and aanh" sound; short neck[T  *@[T  0@Ј live fish; it hovers over the water & when it spots a fish,it dives headfirst in the water, sometimes going several feet under and emerge with a fish in its beak carnivore( along the coast, beaches, islandsЄ nests are small depressions on the ground near beaches on on dredge spoil islands; birds will fly overhead and swoop towards intruders, making piercing cries man, Herring GullsЙ Young hatch from 3-4 whitish to brownish eggs spotted with brown and lavender. Parents feed young by thrusting small fish into their mouths. Young are are whitish on their backs.ѕ In late 1800's, Terns were hunted and killed by the thousands for their feathers(for ladies'hats). Beachfront development has caused nesting sites to decline. Common Terns breed in the Carolinas. They defend their colonies very vigorously* No, but they used to be "wearable". Coquina Clam Seashell creature: clam` very colorful, can be a combination of many colors, white, blue, yellow, brown, red, ect.Х small, wedge-shaped bivalve w/equal sides;shiny, varied colors and patterns inside and outside-out of 50 shells it's hard to find 2 alike; creature inside is shapeless with a burrowing foot.[T  р?[T  №?O plankton (microscopic plants and animals) that is siphoned from seawater omnivore, shallow ocean water, at low tide line• burrows in sand; as waves wash in, they are exposed and they rebury themselves in the sand; up to 1,500 can be found in 1 square foot of beach4 crabs, man, whelks, moon shells, olive shells7 Very small and young look like adults when born.ј Some of the smallest and most numerous shells found on NC beaches. Sometimes known as Wedge or Butterfly shells. Dead shells form coquina stone which is used as building material. Fort Augustine in Florida was built of Coquinas 400 yrs. ago.= Yes. Many can be boiled to make a broth for a chowder.Cormorant BirdXdark, dull blue to grayish on top; whitish to grayish on underside; orange throat‰long powerful beak with a hook on the end; webbed feet on the end of thick, short legs;snake-like neck is medium length; blue eyes[T 2@[T >@“only fish; unlike Pelicans, they dive for food while swimming and return to the surface to eat it; it also swims underwater to hunt for foodcarnivorecoastal areasQ makes its home in trees in forests near the coast and sometimes near lakes= owls and some forest dwelling carnivores prey on young; Young birds are light-breasted with brownish bodies.е It sometimes swims with body submerged and only its neck sticking out of the water. It has unusual habit of perching standing in an upright postition. They migrate in the fall and fly in a V-shaped pattern. No.Croaker Fishcsilver-green on top, white-yellow underneath; tail is yellow; black mark at base of top finsЙsmall fish, one-fourth to 1 pound in size; NC record is 5 pounds; mouth is low on its head; tail fin sticks outward instead of outward; green eyes; slim bars on top half of body;[T @[T 8@;shrimp, snails, worms, crustaceans, decayed materialcarnivore$shallow to deeper ocean water„ found in bays and sounds in warm weather; move to deeper water in cold weather; they feed on the sandy and muddy ocean bottom larger fishœ Before laying eggs, lower half of Croaker turns bright yellow; thousands of eggs are laid. They mature in one year and can live another 1 or 2 years.ш They make a low croaking noise using teeth and muscles on their swim bladder. They make this noise when caught giving them their name "Croaker". They are very common and plentiful because they survive in salt and fresh water.— Yes. They are easy to clean. They can be broiled, fried, baked, or poached. The meat is white, lean, and very tasty. The meat is white even raw.Cross-barred Venus#Seashell creature: clam-likeVgrayish to yellowish white with brown spots or rays; inside whitish with purpleЃrounded front end with hind end narrow; bivalve; raised ribs are crossed with raised ridges forming an attractive grid pattern; creature inside is shapeless[T р?[T @Hsiphons plankton-microscopic plants and animals- from ocean wateromnivore/shallow ocean water to water 60 ft. deepr burrows in sand, especially in sand in eelgrass beds. Sometimes 150 clams per square meter have been found. man, whelks, sea starsQ Young resemble the adults and protect themselves by burrowing in the sand.р Sometimes called a Dog Clam. Very common on NC beaches. They are named for the goddess of beauty Venus because of their beautiful patterns. The larger Sunray Venus was used by pre-Columbian Native Americans as a tool.+ Yes. They make an excellent chowder.Disk Shell#Seashell creature: clam-likewhite inside and outsideФthick-shelled bivalve with a thin varnish-like layer on the outside-when it is peeled away, the shell is very shiny; flattened, almost circular; very strong hinges; shapeless animal inside[T ќ?[T @Lsiphon plankton (microscopic plants and animals) from the ocean wateromnivore$shallow sounds to 70 ft. deep" burrows in the sand and mud* sea stars, man, whelks, large crabsn Young resemble adults when born, but they grow shell as they grow and are usually born in large groups.€ When these shells wash ashore empty, the two halves are often still connected, because of its very strong hinge ligament. Yes. Eel Fishgreen to grayЎlong, cylinder shape; pointed head with thick lips; pointed tail with a wavy fin on back half of the body; they look like a slimy snake; females are larger than males[T @[T 2@fish, shrimpcarnivore&coastal waters to deeper waters“ eels go thousands of miles to the Sargasso Sea off Bermuda to breed; the young return to the coast and move into rivers for their adult life man, fishЧ Young enter a larval stage when hatched. In second year, they look like a long, colorless,flat leaf. In third year they are called elvers and have an adult shape. Elvers move into fresh water.б Adult eels die after breeding. Eels not on the coast can grow to from 3 to 5 ft. long and can live 5 to 24 years. Eels are used by local fishermen as live bait for large gamefish. They have sharp teeth.с Yes. Pull off the tough skin and fry or smoke them. They are considered a delicacy in the Orient and in Europe and sell for 5 to 10 times what it sells for in the US. The meat is white. They are best when eaten fresh.Egret (Snowy and Great) Birdrbright white; Snowy has yellow feet and black beak; Great has black feet & yellow bill;both have black legs­long, thick, curved neck; long, thin legs with long toes at the end; long, thin, sharp beak; Great Egret is 50% larger than the Snowy Egret; very elegant looking bird[T 6@[T €D@Ђsmall fish, crabs, shrimp, frogs, and other water animals; it walks through shallow water slowly stalking its prey, it snaps up food with its powerful beakcarnivorecoastal marshy areasЉ on islands with thick growths of shrubs and trees; nest in colonies w/herons and egrets called heronries; stick platform nests are on ground or in trees or shrubs man, large carnivoresŒ Young hatch from 3 to 5 light-blue or light-green eggs. They are covered w/down when they are born. Both parents care for the babies.у Egrets almost became extinct in 1800's because they were hunted for their feathers to go in hats. If heronries are disturbed, the young birds get excited and fall out of the nest. They are stranded on the ground and die. No.Fiddler CrabCrab (crustacean)Freddish brown or grayish body, large claw is tan, almost white.}Males have a large claw on 1 side which they wave back and forth; 5 pairs of legs, first pair are "spoon-like" pincers[T №?[T @ algaeHerbivore3salt marshes, tidal flats, sandy mud beachesb they live in burrows in muddy soil with stacks of small mud balls near dime-sized entrances8 shorebirds, raccoons, turtles, fish, larger crabs young are born from eggsђ Very quick, can be seen darting in and out of their holes in marshes and they even feed quickly. They hibernate in winter. Their name comes from the fact that the males look like base fiddle players. Large claw is not dangerous to man.' No, but they make good fish baitFlounder Fish`brown with splotches on top, white on bottowm; it can change colors to match ocean bottomflat, pancake-like bodies; most NC flounder are less than 5 pounds, NC record is 20.5 pounds; both eyes are on the same side of the head;[T @[T 5@shrimp, crabs, squid, small fish; it buries itself in the sand or mud and changes color to match the sand and waits for prey to swim by.carnivore$shallow to deeper ocean water During warmer weather, flounder move inshore; smaller flounder go into tidal flats. The flounder lies on its side on the ocean bottom. man, larger fishШ When a flounder first hatches, it looks like any other fish. When it is about .5 inches long, the body becomes flattened and the eyes move to one side of the head and this side becomes the top.Ь The Flounder not only lies on its side, it swims sideways also. It is a member of the flatfish family and closely related to the sole. Sometimes it is caught at night in shallow water with a spear.u Yes. A very popular and tasty fish. It can be eaten whole or filet. It can be served fried, baked, or broiled.Ghost CrabCrab (crustacean)Xoff-white to tan body with white underside, pincers are white, tinted with purpleРsquare body, 5 pairs of thin legs; long, black- tipped protruding eyes; does not have a thick shell or powerful pinching claws; depends on protective coloration and quickness to survive[T ј?[T @dsand fleas, mole crabs, coquina clams, baby sea turtles, dead animals and other small animalscarnivore!dry upper-parts of beachesv burrows about 4 feet deep with 2 to 3 inch openings; it goes to the ocean several times a day to wet its gills gulls and raccoonsП The females lay their eggs directly in the ocean and young are born in the ocean and change several times in appearance. When young are mature,they leave the ocean to live on the land.ё Most common on quiet, unpopulated beaches. They stay in their burrows in winter. They blend in with the sand and can move quickly to and from their holes and the ocean, thus giving them their name. They can burrow quickly in the sand.: No, not in NC, but they are eaten in the Caribbean.Great Blue Heron Bird1blue-gray body, white on head, yellow beakХlong neck shaped in S-shaped curve; long thin legs with long thin toes; beak is long, thin, and sharp; eyes are dark; wingspan can go to 7 feet; usually silent but does make a croaking sound[T B@[T K@rfish, frogs, small reptiles, sometimes mice; they wade in shallow water and snap up animals with their beakcarnivorecoastal swamps] they nest in colonies in trees in swamp forests; nests are made up of masses of sticks* young are prey to forest carnivoresŽ Young hatch from 3 to 6 eggs. They are helpless for a few weeks before learning to fly. They are heavily streaked with brown and white.л Great Blue Heron is the largest of the herons. Other herons on the NC coast include: the Little Blue Heron, Greenbacked Heron, 2 night herons, and the Tricolored Heron. Some of these nest in heronries on islands. No.Hermit CrabCrab (crustacean)reddish-brownš5 pairs of legs, last 2 pair hold body in shell; soft body-they live in "borrowed"shells; right claw is larger than left in both males and females;[T а?[T @Idead animals, small live animals, and sometimes other hermit crabscarnivoreshallow waters‹ they live in the empty shell of a snail-like animal; they stay in water, but some species can come ashore for brief periods of time.) fish, shorebirds, and hermit crabs0 Young have to change shells as they grow.ф Sea anemones and barnacles sometimes live on hermit crab shells. The anemone protects the hermit crab and eats hermit crab food scraps. These crabs are NOT the hermit crabs sold in stores. They change shells as they grow.H Yes, but rarely-mostly by local residents and not in restaurants.Herring Gull BirdXwhite on head and chest; gray on wings; black-tipped tail; yellow beak; pink legsЪshort legs with webbed feet; pale yellow eyes; head and body is streaked with gray in the winter; makes a "keeyow,kyow" and "eeyou ha ha" sound; short bill is slightly hooked & has an orange spot[T 4@[T :@Ÿalmost anything-fish, crabs, clams, insects, berries, & food scraps; it breaks open a clam by dropping the clam from above on a hard surface to break itomnivore1along the beaches; inland lakes and riversœ nest in colonies on the ground sometimes on islands; also nests near inland lakes and rivers; very wide ranging and are sometimes called "sea gulls"O man, large carnivorous birds, cats, and other swamp or forest carnivoresЪ Young are born near the coast or sometimes inland. Young are brownish splotched and resemble a hawk both in appearance and the way they soar through the sky.(See Laughing Gull for feeding habits)р The Herring Gull is a loud, noisy scavenger. It can be seen around trash dumps, fishing piers, on beaches, and following offshore fishing boats. It is an excellent acrobatic flier. It robs the nests of Laughing Gulls. No.Horseshoe Crab Other- related to spiders-Reddish-brown shell, darker undersidesЕ2 part shell that looks like a helmet; 6 pairs of legs; 2 pairs of eyes not on stalks but fixed on the shell; long, spiked tail; 6 pairs of gills on underside behind the legs[T $@[T 8@”mollusks, clams, crustaceans, worms, other small ocean creatures; food is ground by the burrs on the bases of the walking legs near the mouthcarnivore5shallow offshore waters to waters 75 ft. deep. sandy or muddy ocean bottom; females come ashore to lay eggs in a small depression in the sand just above high tide line birds and crabsК 200-300 pale green eggs are buried in sand and hatch in several weeks. Young look like adults, but are about the size of a quarter. They grow in water and mature in 9 to 11 years.э Barnacles and tube worms sometimes live on horse- shoe crab shells. Horseshoe crab blood turns blue when exposed to air and is used in medical research. Not a crab but related to spiders. It looks dangerous, but is harmless to manU Yes, but they are rarely eaten. They are used for fertilizer and chicken feed.Jingle Shell#Seashell creature: clam-like>Many colors-white, tan, gold, silver, orange, and blackЦshiny bivalve w/left half thicker than the fragile right half; sometimes almost translucent( you can see through it);fairly shapeless animal inside; chalky area inside resembles a baby's foot[T ш?[T @qplankton-microscopic plants and animals- are gathered by hair-like projections when animal opens its shellomnivore1shallow water from low tide to 30 ft. deepA Attaches itself to rocks, shells, logs, boats, and piers;% sea stars, whelks, moon shells’ Young shells are very smooth and when they attach themselves to shells, the top or left valve sometimes resembles the shell they attach to.т Sailors used to call Jingle shells "Mermaid's Toenails". They are very common on NC beaches. The left or top half of the shell is usually found on the beach. Many people string these shells together to form wind chimes.3 No, not in NC; but they are eaten in Europe.Keyhole LimpetSeashell creature: snail8off-white, but sometimes covered with green algaeЈsmall oval shape sometimes resembling a small volcano; a small hole resembling a keyhole is in the peak; it is a one-shelled creature; snail inside has tentacles[T р?[T @ algaeherbivore&shallow ocean tidal zone watersu lives on rocks, pilings, and/or jetties in a hollowed out place limpets make on rock or wood with their tongue$ crabs and other sea creatures› Young hatch from eggs laid on rocks. Young do not have the keyhole on the peak. It starts as a slit on the shell edge and moves as the limpet grows.ѓ Keyhole serves as an outlet for water that enters the shell and provides oxygen for the limpet. Water also washes waste out of the keyhole. If limpets are left out of water by tides, they can shut up tight and survive for several hours. NoKingfish (Whiting) Fish+silvery, darker above, lighter belowŸlong, slender body; mouth low on head with a barb on the chin; some species have dark bars on the side and a spine on the fin; they can weigh 2.5 pounds[T @[T 2@Bworms, crabs, shrimp; they use their barb to probe for preycarnivore/ocean bottom in shallow to deeper watersŠ often caught by surf fishermen; they are bottom dwellers, usually found over sand but can be found over mud or silt at 60 ft. deep. larger fish, man( They hatch from hundreds of eggs.r The air bladder is used in the manufacture of glue. The Kingfish is also called whiting or Virginia mullet.t Yes. It makes excellent eating, but is best eaten fresh. Like bluefish, it is not good to eat after freezing.$Kitten's Paw (also Cat's Paw)#Seashell creature: clam-likeLwhite with reddish brown markings between the ridges; inside is whiteВsmall, triangular fan-shaped with short curving ribs crossed by reddish-brown lines; thick shells; bivalve with right valve larger than the left; shapeless creature inside[T ш?[T ј?.plankton-microscopic plants and animalsomnivore%low tide to ocean 300 ft. deep* attaches to rocks, shells, or coral whelks and sea stars& Young get shell as they developњ The right valve attaches to rocks or dead or living shells and breaks off when it washes up on the beach. The shell does resemble the foot of a cat or kitten but the delicate pencil-like brown markings disappear if on the sunny beach very long NoLaughing Gull BirdHwhite tail and underparts; red bill; black head; greyish on wingsНshort legs with webbed feet; in winter it is gray, even on the head, and a black bill; a small white circle around each eye; makes a laughing sound "ca ha" to "ha-ha-ha-ha-haah-haah"[T ,@[T 1@Ћsmall crabs, surface fish, shrimp, horseshoe crab eggs, worms, flying insects; robs eggs from Terns and other birds; can be seen near humans begging for food scrapscarnivorebeaches and salt marshesЄ nest on the ground in large colonies sometimes on dredge spoil islands; rarely ventures very far inland; sometimes follows boats and ferries begging for foodK cats, dogs, large coastal predators; Herring Gulls rob nests of eggsН Young are born in colonies in the Carolinas. Young are brownish with a brown head. Parents feed young by regurgitating already-swallowed food on the ground and the young scoop it up.ч Laughing Gulls are notorious beggars around humans. They are very noisy and they call while perched and while flying. Like other gulls, they help keep the beaches clean of food stuffs. They are excellent swimmers and fliers. No. Least Tern  BirdU yellow bill and legs; black cap with white forehead; gray on wings; white bodyЁ small body with longer neck than Common Tern; short, broad, but very forked tail; bill has a black tip; short legs; makes a "zreep or kip, kip, kip" sound[T  !@[T  #@Ђ live fish; it hovers over the water and dives headfirst (sometimes several feet under) when it spots a fish and hopefully emerges with the fish in its beak carnivore beaches, islandsŸ nest is a depression on ground on deserted beaches or dredge spoil island in colonies; when disturbed birds will dive at intruder and utter shrill cries man, Herring GullsП Young have black bills and brownish legs. Head is brownish with a black stripe through the eye and wings are brownish. Parents feed young tiny fish by dropping them down their throats.я Least Terns were slaughtered by the thousands in the late 1800's by "hat hunters" looking for feathers. Man today is harming the bird by increasing beachfront development and taking away habitats of the Least Tern. Smallest NC tern. No.!Lizard Fish !Fish"!brownish silvery appearance›!long, slender body with gaping jaws that make it look like a lizard; 8 diamond shapes are on the side; many small teeth are found in the large mouth[T !@[T !2@F!smaller fish and shrimp; it is constantly hunting for its prey!carnivore5!on the ocean bottom in shallow to deeper water !It stays on the bottom, especially hiding among eelgrass; it burrows in the bottom sand or mud to hide from predators and to lure prey !man, larger fishU !Young hatch from eggs, young have 6 large black spots along side of the belly.И !They are often caught by fishermen and are considered a nuisance. They are also caught by shrimp trawlers and are thrown away. They are considered a delicacy in Southeast Asia.™ !Yes, but not often eaten in NC. Those who eat it are surprised by its good taste. It has tiny bones that can be picked out or eaten with the meat.""Mackerel (Spanish and King) "Fish "blue on top, silver belowХ"long, sleek body; King can go to 79 pounds, Spanish can go to 13 pounds; deeply forked tail; Spanish can have yellow spots and their top fins have color and Kings do not; Spanish are smaller[T "(@[T "N@I"Menhaden, herring, anchovies, and other small fish and crustaceans"carnivore "ocean— "Spanish are found in bays and in deeper water, Kings are found in deeper water; both like water above 68 degrees and migrate in fall and winter.3 "man, sharks, bluefish, porpoises, and whales‹ "June is most active month for laying eggs, young are born in areas off New England. Young are often caught in bays or off of bridgesю "Mackerel are a very popular game fish. "King Mackerel" tournaments are held on the coast of both Carolinas. Overfishing has caused the population of this fish to go down. Most states have laws regulating the amount and size caught.“ "Yes. Spanish and smaller Kings are filleted and broiled or baked. The larger Kings are cut into 2 to 3 inch portions and served as "steaks".#Mallard Duck #BirdV#male-green head,white neck band, brownish chest; female- mostly brown splotchesТ#males have black on the wings and rump; broad wings and short tail; short legs with orange webbed feet; male has bright orange bill-female has dull orange and brown bill; blue under wings[T #4@[T #<@–#mainly seeds and water plants, but they will eat insects, small fish, and mollusks;they feed by dipping their heads underwater they do not dive#omnivore)#sounds, river mouths, salt marshesg #nest is a depression in the ground usually covered by plants; nest is located in or near marshes) #large birds, man, large carnivoresЛ #Young hatch from 5 to 12 dull yellow to greenish eggs in about 28 days. They are covered with down and can walk and swim a few hours after they hatch. Females care for young alone.ж #Fairly loud duck, making a wide variety of quacks. Bills have tooth-like edges that strain food from the water. Often seen in flocks numbering into the thousands. They often mingle with other types of ducks.W #Yes. Can be eaten roasted. Meat is stringier and gamier than domesticated ducks.$Marsh Crab$Crab (crustacean) $dark brown or olive color$5 pairs of long, thin legs; 2 very small purple claws; squarish shell with 2 black eyes on the front corners; about the same size as the fiddler crab.[T $№?[T $@-$marsh grass, algae, small dead animals$omnivore $marsh $lives in burrows; frequently leaves the marsh to go to yards, driveways, and other human environments; likes to hide under logs or rocks.3 $birds, turtles, larger crabs, fish, raccoons+ $Young resemble the adults when born.Z $Also known as the Mud Crab and Square-Backed Crab. They appear to be very friendly. $No, too small to eat.%Marsh Periwinkle%Seashell creature: snaild%gray-white with orange streak on one side near shell opening; sometimes covered w/green slimež%one-valved creature lives in small acorn sized shell; 2 tentacles on head with eyes at the base and nose between; spiral shaped shell with a peaked top[T %ш?[T %є?)%algae that it eats with its tongue%herbivore/% salt marshes, just above the water linel %It moves along the marsh bottom, tall grasses, rocks, and rocks, but most often found on grass stems. %shore birds and man: %Young hatch with shells from floating egg capsules.Е %Its tongue has 300 rows of teeth which loses 5 to 6 rows a day but they grow back like shark's teeth. These snails only live in salt marshes and found only in warmer weather.| %Yes. Clean them in fresh water, steam for 10 minutes, pick the meat out with a toothpick and dip in butter and enjoy!$&Menhaden (also called "Pogy") &Fish2&brown on top, silvery below, yellowish fins}&large mouth with lower jaw fitting into a notch in the upper jaw; black spot behind head with some spots on the sides;[T &@[T &2@Ё&microscopic plants and animals called plankton that are filtered through the gills and can filter 7-8 gallons of water a minute and a pint of food an hour&omnivore-&ocean water moderately shallow to deepd &they swim near the surface of the water in large schools, sometimes weighing hundreds of tonse &man, tuna, bluefish, cod, sharks and other fish; whales, squid, gulls, pelicans, terns, ospreyR &Young grow quite rapidly and can grow to 6 inches long in their first year. &They are very important in the ocean food chain. They are also valuable to man because of their oil which is used for paints, soap, varnish,& make up. Other parts are ground for fertilizer. Menhaden is an Indian word for"that which enriches the earth".& &No. They are very oily and bony'Mole Crab'Crab (crustacean)'grayish-tanЫ'small and egg-shaped; no pincers; long antennae; eyes on the end of movable stalks; back legs well adapted for digging; also known as "sand fleas" and they resemble bugs; females larger than males[T 'р?[T '№?('tiny plants and animals; plankton'omnivore1'between high and low tide zones on beachese 'they burrow in the sand and as waves come in they are uncovered and they bury themselves again6 'shorebirds, blue crabs, ghost crabs, small fishŠ 'Young hatch from orange eggs and live with plankton until they are larger. Males die after mating and females die after eggs hatch.ш 'Mole crabs make good bait for surf fishermen. Mole crabs can be picked up without harming humans. Camouflage and burrowing are the only protection methods of mole crabs. They leave the beach for deep water during the winter.8 'Yes; several hundred can make a broth for chowder"(Moon Shell (also Shark Eye)(Seashell creature: snailB(gray, bluish to brownish gray, large brown spot on the back(one-shelled animal with snail living inside; whorls on shell with darker whorl in the center that looks like an eye; large, broad foot[T (T@[T (@”(very strong predators of mollusks, especially oysters and clams; softens shells with acid and bores into them with a tongue with teeth on it.(carnivore(shallow waterI (found bottom of sandy shores in inter-tidal areas to low tide area% (sea stars, oyster drills, fishЕ (Young hatch from pouches called "sand collars" that resemble the collar a priest wears. Young leave the collars and live as free-swimming larva before settling on the bottom.Л (Moon shell snail bores into its prey and sucks flesh out. It can eat 4 clams a day. Besides looking like a shark's eye, they are constantly hunting and attacking food like sharks. (No)Mud Snail)Seashell creature: snailR)dull black shell covered with green-brown growth; shell opening is purplishЈ)one-shelled animal with a snail living inside; snail's body is white with green-brown growth on it, but no growth on foot; small, spiral shell with tip worn down[T )а?[T )№?>)microscopic plants and decaying flesh of fish and crabs)omnivore)tidal flatsb )They live on muddy bottoms, especially in tidal pools, burrowing in mud when tide goes out.B )puffer fish, oyster toad fish, water birds and wading birdsU )Young resemble adults when born and are very hardy to withstand tidal changes.ё )Mud snails are found in the thousands on mud flats. They have a strong sense of smell and can detect rotting flesh at great distances. Hermit crabs can inhabit empty mud snail shells. Flat worms are parasites found inside Mud Snails. )No *Mussel%*Seashell creature: oyster-liked*grayish white with a olive-brown to dark brown covering;inside is shiny silver white w/purpleЎ*foot-shaped bivalve with each side identical; large ribs run vertically on shell that is wide and rounded on one end and pointed at other end; shapeless animal inside[T *@[T *@~*siphons water for plankton-microscopic plants and animals by opening its shell at high tide and closing it at low tide.*omnivore*salt marshes and baysB *Buries in mud and attaches to marsh grass with thin threads5 *fish, raccoons, large birds, olive shells, man8 *Young are born without shells and grow them laterэ *Ribbed mussels can survive even in polluted waters. They can move but very slowly and must reattach themselves. Mussels secrete a glue that is waterproof and is being researched for future use in medicine for mending broken bones.› *Yes. They can be steamed and are chewier and more flavorful than oysters. They were very important in the diet of coastal dwelling Native Americans.+Olive Shell+Seashell creature: snail++tan-gray with brown zig zag markingsХ+one shelled animal lives inside a cylindrical shell w\ small pointed conical spire flared at the bottom resembling an olive pit; zig-zag patterns resemble cursive writing;tentacles have eyes[T +ќ?[T +@‰+crabs, cockles, mussels, clams, coquinas, and decaying flesh; captures prey with its foot and pulls it under the sand to digest it+carnivore0+shallow water to ocean water 150 ft. deep5 +move along sandy ocean bottom hunting for prey +sea stars, large fishh +Young hatch from round capsules that float in the water currents for about a week before leaving.ј +Also known as the Lettered Olive Shell and is the state seashell of South Carolina. When shells wash ashore, the colors fade quickly to dull white. Often caught on hooks baited with sand crabs. Coastal Indians made necklaces of olive shells. +No ,Osprey ,Birdu,brownish above, white below; white head with dark brown stripe running across the eye; white legs;orangish eyeЬ,large bird with 5 ft. wingspan; long wings have a crook in them; black markings on underside of wing near the"wrist"; short white legs with strong claws; short, hooked beak; makes "kip kiweek"sound[T ,4@[T ,9@Ђ,fish; it hovers above the water at 25-150 ft. and uses its keen eyesight to spot its prey; it dives into the water and tries to catch the fish in its claws,carnivore",near waterways and channels• ,makes large nests of sticks in tops of trees near water; sometimes it nests on telephone poles, channel markers, and other manmade structures.H ,man (insecticides destroy eggs), large birds sometimes raid nestsu ,Young hatch from 3 whitish eggs with brownish spots. Young birds have brownish streaks on legs and underside.Э ,Ospreys live up to 20 years and they mate for life. Large nests can weigh up to 1,500 pounds and sometimes collapse from sheer weight. When choosing a mate, the male presents the female with a fish. ,No. -Oyster -Seashell creature: oyster:-grayish, tan, whitish, bluish, or other dull colorsД-thick shelled bivalve; long, narrow shell with sometimes sharp ridges on outside; inside is smooth, tinged w/purple; animal inside is a tan gray blob with no foot or siphons[T -@[T -(@›-they filter water and sand through gills to find plankton- microscopic plants and animals; can also ingest harmful bacteria causing hepatitis in man-omnivore/-shallow ocean water to water 40 ft. deepœ -they cement themselves to rocks, piers, and other objects in sounds and inlets; they often attach to each other in clusters called "beds" or "rakes".P -sea stars, moon shells, oyster drills, rays, oystercatcher birds, and manЦ -100 million eggs are released at a time, but only 10 reach maturity. Baby oysters are called spats and become plankton until they attach themselves. They grow to 3 to 4 inches in 3 to 5 yearsб -Oysters can change from male to female many times during their lifetime. Edges of oyster shells are very sharp and can cause nasty cuts when stepped on. Man has harvested oysters for thousands of years.N -Yes. They can be eaten raw, steamed, roasted, fried, or in oyster stew..Oyster Crab.Crab (crustacean) .white1.round, thin, paperlike body; very delicate[T ..@[T .р?i.eats plankton and decaying matter when the oyster opens up to eat; sometimes it eats oyster tissue.carnivore.the oceanp .lives inside an oyster's shell, also inside scallops, mussels, tube worms, sand dollars, and sea urchins. .fish, larger crabsc .Young crabs enter the oyster in late summer and live there for a year before leaving to mateљ .Sometimes 200 oyster crabs can be found in one oyster. The oyster protects the oyster crab, but the crab sometimes damages the oyster and eats its food. Males die after mating, females live 2-3 years longer. Sometimes known as the "pea crab".R .Sort of, sometimes people eating raw oysters sometimes eat these crabs too./Oyster Drill/Seashell creature: snailW/grayish-white, white, yellowish white, tan, or gray; purple inside shell openingИ/one-valved animal lives inside;lovely spiral, coarse, rough whorled shell with ridges and a spire about half shell length; end is pointed; ridges have fine lines, often brownish[T /р?[T /ќ?/oysters, crabs, other snails; it uses a sandpaper like tongue to bore into the shell and feeds through a tube on its head/carnivore*/shallow water to waters 50 ft. deep/ /oyster beds, pilings, jetties, and rocks /some fish, large crabs /Eggs are laid in round vase-like capsules attached to a solid object. They are laid in summer and hatch 6-8 weeks later.г /The main predator of oysters, but a bigger problem in northern states than in NC. They cannot live in water with lesser amounts of salt, so many oyster farmers raise their oysters in water with less salt. /No.0Oyster Toadfish 0Fish0dark brownР0scaleless wrinkled skin is covered with slimy mucus; large head and jaws; bulging eyes on a flat head; fan-shaped fins; fleshy growths are around the head and mouth; not very attractive[T 0"@[T 0.@U0crabs, clams, anemones, shrimp, sea urchins, and other small fish, also plants0omnivore0shallow waterc 0they feed on the bottom especially in rocky and weedy areas; can also live in polluted water 0larger fishЦ 0Female lays eggs in a hollowed-out place near low tidal areas. Male guards the eggs for 3 weeks, keeping them clear of dirt and predators. He is even left out of the water in a very low tide.ђ 0Toadfish grunt loudly when handled and hunting. Males make a sound like a boat whistle to attract females. They must be handled carefully because they can inflict a powerful bite and they have spines that can cause an infectuous wound.Ж 0Yes. However, who would want to eat such an ugly thing? One would definitely have to awful hungry and very careful to eat one. They are more important as an experiment animal.1Oystercatcher 1Birdj1bright red-orange bill, white underside, black head and brownish-black back, pink legs, yellow eyesУ1large, heavy body; long, heavy, chisel-tipped bill; red ring around the eyes; makes a ringing "wheep or cleep" sound, sometimes a"crik-crik-crik or cle-ar" sound; thin legs with sharp toes[T 10@[T 15@Ÿ1oysters, clams, crabs, snails, shrimp, sea urchins, and marine worms; it uses its bill to chisel into the shell and snips the muscle and the shell opens1carnivore)1sandy beaches, coastal muddy flatsЊ 1found mostly in unihabited areas gathered with birds of its own kind; it doesn't congregate with other birds; nest is shallow hollow on bare sandy areas near dunes+ 1large birds, coastal carnivores, man~ 1Young hatch from one to three eggs. Eggs are gray with irregular dark splotches. They are 4 years old before they mate.м 1Oystercatchers are permanent residents, they do not migrate. They can live up to 20 years. They are strong fliers and fast runners. They gather at high tide in flocks to roost on drier stretches of beach or marsh. 1No.2Pen Shell#2Seashell creature: clam-likeR2grayish-brown, purplish black, or tan purple; inside is shiny grayish-brownТ2very thin, large, fan-shaped bivalve; very brittle sometimes one can see through the shell; small creatures are found attached to the outside of the shell; shapeless creature lives inside[T 2@[T 2(@.2plankton-microscopic plants and animals2omnivore)2shallow water to water 90 ft. deepЊ 2 buries itself in mud or sand w/narrow end down & wide end projecting slightly above surface, posing a hazard to waders; slender threads attach to a stone or shell7 2oyster drills, large fish and crabs, whelks, man) 2Young are usually born in coloniesќ 2Shells rarely wash ashore without being broken. This is only NC shellfish that has a valuable black pearl inside (used in jewelry). Tiny oyster crabs live inside and eat leftover food. Oysters, barnacles, and slipper shells live on the outside.› 2Yes. Eaten more overseas than in NC. Used in Japan and Mexico for fertilizer. Tough threads on pen shells were used in Mediterranean to weave cloth.&3Pigfish (also called a "Grunt") 3FishC3light blue above and silvery below with gold to orange spotsЄ3small body with blunt-shaped head with the mouth set low on it; weigh .5 to 3 pounds; top fins look like they have spines protruding especially near the head[T 3@[T 32@3small plants and animals3omnivore3shallow waterE 3they feed on the bottom and are often found on inshore waters$ 3larger fish, water birds, man 3Young hatch in early summer from many eggs. Young are often found in bays. Sometimes the young are kept in saltwater aquariums in homes.§ 3They will make a grunting noise when taken from the water made with the teeth and the air bladder. They are caught more often in the late summer and fall. They can live up to 4 years. They also face each other and make a curious "kissing" motion.P 3Yes. Several can make a good fried fish sandwich or fried finger fillets.4Pinfish 4Fish54silvery with a dark spot behind the gill coverС4small oval-shaped body; sharp teeth with notched edges; thin blue and yellow stripes run from head to tail; weigh .25 to 2 pounds; small spines on fins can stick one like pins or needles[T 4@[T 4.@B4crabs and other shellfish, smaller fish, worms, and seaweed4omnivore04shallow to deeper water often near plants^ 4they are found in a wide range of water temperatures and depths, even near river mouths$ 4larger fish, man, water birds1 4They hatch in early summer from many eggs.њ 4They are often caught, not on purpose, but are caught w/bait meant for larger fish. They follow skates and rays picking up food scraps. They must be handled carefully because of the spines. Small children enjoy catching these scrappy fighters.~ 4Yes. Since they are small, several can be cleaned and pan-fried, baked, put in a fish sandwich, or put in fish chowder.5Pompano 5FishE5silvery body w/bluish back, dusky fins, young have yellow finsЖ5smooth body with forked tail fin; 5-6 spines in front of top fin; blunt head with a low jaw; body is more rounded than long; average weight is 1 lb, record in S.C. is 8.5 lbs.[T 5@[T 59@35shrimp, small crabs, other small crustaceans5carnivore.5shallow ocean water along sandy beachest 5caught by surf fishermen, but sometimes are found in bays and other areas where fresh water meets ocean water 5man, larger fish( 5young have prominent yellow fins.ч 5This fish is a favorite among surf fishermen. It can often be seen making long horizontal leaps out of the ocean after they are hooked. The best bait is shrimp and mole crabs. It is most often fished commercially in Florida._ 5Yes. A very valuable food fish. It has an excellent flavor and is often quite expensive.6Portuguese Man-of-War 6Other 6blue6pear-shaped body that floats above water with long tentacles that trail below the body deep into the water; body is mostly translucent[T 6@[T 6$@+6fish and other small ocean creatures6carnivore6deep, warm ocean watero 6although they live in warm water, the Gulf Stream brings them northward and winds blow them ashore in NC 6sun fish, sea turtlesЈ 6Young hatch from eggs. A larva produces new organisms that band together to form a creature. The first larva develops the body. Other larvae develop other parts.љ 6Tentacles can trail up to 60 ft. below the body. It is not a single animal, but a colony of many organisms dependent on each other. The sting from poison from stingers on tentacles can be very painful and can cause severe allergic reactions.b 6Yes, but not in NC. In other parts of the world are eaten in the form of a flour or paste. 7Puffer 7Fish67greenish-gray with yellowish to white undersideЧ7slender, shaped like a hot dog bun unless bothered then it puffs up to a round shape;no tailfins or teeth; soft fins; no spines; beak-like sharp jaw bone w/a gap making it look like buck teeth[T 7@[T 7$@h7snails, crustaceans, crabs and sea urchins; they use their powerful jaw bones to crush their prey7carnivore7shallow waterQ 7found in sounds, inlets, and are caught by surf fishermen and off of piers 7larger fish, man 7?і 7Puffers inflate their bellies w/water in the sea, and w/air when caught giving them a round shape. They do not swim with their tails as other fish do but they fan their side fins making them quite a sight in the sea. Also called swellfish.№ 7Yes. However, they are poisonous and must be carefully cleaned avoiding the poisonous gallbladder. Tastes like a cross between chicken and fish. Japanese chefs must be certified to fix puffers yet several people die a year from them.(8Quahog Cla§џџџ‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ‰Š‹ŒŽ‘’“”•–—˜™š›œžŸ ЁЂЃЄЅІЇЈЉЊЋЌ­ЎЏАБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФўџџџўџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџm (pronounced "co-hog")8Seashell creature: clam8tan to whitishО8bivalve; thick, heavy, oval shell with concentric rings that begin fine and become more pronounced near the outer edge; creature inside is soft with a strong foot; inside is purplish.[T 8@[T 8@Š8they siphon plankton-microscopic plants & animals; pollution and dredging can cause them to siphon bacteria that is harmful to man.8omnivore8shallow waterA 8burrow into the mud and sand on bottom of bays and inlets.L 8moon shells, oyster drills, whelks, sea stars, olive shells, and man.z 8Females release up to 24 million eggs at one spawning. Young can live as long as 40 years if they escape predators.ј 8Chief commercial clam on East Coast and second most valuable shellfish. Native Americans ate the meat, made tools & decorations from the shells, & used the purple insides for wampum(shell money). Pearls(worthless) can be found in some clams.Ь 8Yes. Can be eaten raw, steamed, fried, or made into chowder. Younger and smaller clams are more tender than older and larger clams. The older and larger clams are used mainly in chowder or steamed.9Razor Clam9Seashell creature: clama9living shells covered with green growth, underneath it's whitish with brown or tan stripes9long, narrow bivalve that resembles an old-fashioned straight razor; clam living inside has a strong digging foot; slightly brittle shell[T 9@[T 9 @.9plankton-microscopic plants and animals9omnivore#9shallow water in tidal areas‡ 9they burrow vertically in sand or mud quickly on beaches near the ocean or on sandbars; sometimes they live in permanent burrows 9shore birds, crabs, man; 9Young start life as plankton and later grow a shell.ш 9They are very fast diggers and are hard to catch. However, they are also good swimmers. They are sharp and supposedly, Native Americans shaved with razor clams, but it is hard to believe they shaved with such a fragile shell.[ 9Yes. They can be fried or cooked in chowder. They are tender and have a good flavor.+:Red Drum (also known as channel bass :Fish/:silvery gray, copper, bronze, or reddishХ:large mouth is set low on the body; elongated body; tail fin is squarish; large black spot near tail fin; large scales; weigh 1 to 40 lbs.-NC and world record is 94lbs., SC record is 75 lbs.[T :(@[T :N@E:mollusks, crustaceans, and small fish; they are bottom feeders:carnivore:surf to offshore waters^ :they run is schools in spring and fall when migrating; they sometimes enter fresh water :man, large fish% :Young fish have a rounded tailѓ :It is the state fish of NC. The world record Red Drum was caught in NC. It is a popular game fish. They migrate in response to water temperature, food availability, and amount of salt in the water. Also called Redfish and Spottail Bass.‰ :Yes. Large Red Drum are sometimes wormy, but smaller ones are a very popular food fish. It is often served as "Blackened Redfish".;Ring-billed Gull ;Birdl;white head and upper body; gray wings with black tips; yellow beak; greenish-yellow legs; yellow eyesЈ;a black band circles the beak; smaller than the Herring Gull; short neck; body is dove-like; short legs with webbed feet; makes a high pitched "kree kree" sound[T ;,@[T ;4@Ÿ;fish, crabs, insects, food scraps; found less frequently at garbage dumps than other gulls; often found in fast food restaurant and grocery parking lots;omnivore";beaches and very far inland„ ;does not nest or breed in the Carolinas; very wide ranging bird; can be found far inland in urban duck ponds and parking lots( ;man, cats, other large carnivoresЋ ;Young are pale gray with darker markings. They also have brown eyes and pink legs. Parents feed young by regurgitating food on the ground and the young scoop it up.ц ;Unlike other gulls, it can forage by dipping into the water. They fly with rapid wingbeats and swirling flight patterns. It can be found farther inland than the other gulls mentioned. They are also found in parts of Canada. ;No.<Royal Tern <Birdh<shaggy black crest on head; orange bill; black feet and legs; white body with light gray on wingsИ<large body; thick pointed bill; eye in white part of head; short legs; very forked tail; makes a high pitched "chirrup, keer, kee-er, or kaak" sound; one of the largest NC terns[T <2@[T <5@Ї<live fish; feeds by soaring over the ocean and diving in headfirst(sometimes several feet under) when it spots a fish and hopefully emerges w/a fish in its beak<carnivore0<uninhabited beaches, dredge spoil islandse <nest is a depression on ground in colonies; birds will dive at intruders and issue harsh cries <man, Herring Gulls[ <Young have white heads. Parents feed young by dropping tiny fish down their throats.ѕ <Man's increasing development of the beaches has taken away the Royal Tern's habitat. Increased trash dumps has caused Herring Gull population to increase and Herrings prey on Tern eggs. Royals usually nest with other colonial water birds. <No.=Ruddy Turnstone =Birdf=black and white head; black bib; white belly; orange-red legs; brownish black on wings and tailК=chunky bird, almost neckless; black bill is thick at base, going to a pointed tip and slightly upturned; short legs with small claws on toes; makes a rattling or "cut-a-cut" sound[T =@[T =#@•=worms, insects, small crabs, mollusks, beach fleas; it uses its beak to turn over shells, stones, sticks, and other objects to search for food=carnivore*=along surf zone of beaches, marshesŠ =it prefers coastal rocks and the surf zone, but can be seen on grassy flats among dunes and marshes; does not nest in the Carolinas- =large birds, marsh-dwelling carnivores+ =Young are born in the Arctic region.ѕ =This bird is found in the Carolinas in the winter. In late May it migrates to the Arctic to breed. It is also called the "Calico Bird". When food is scarce, the Ruddy Turnstone will defend its feeding territory by chasing off other birds. =No.>Sand Dollar>Enchinoderm4>alive-brown to green; dead-yellowish to whiteЗ>round, flat, thin, almost cookie-shaped; a 5 part body with five keyhole-shaped openings with a flower-like design on top and bottom; live, they are covered with velvety spines[T >№?[T >@w>small plants and animals called plankton; food is moved to the mouth in the center of the body by tube-like feet>omnivore>ocean bottom) >they gather in beds near the shoreI >fish, especially flounder and cod, sea urchins, man, and sea starsП >Young hatch from eggs released directly into the water. The babies go through several stages as free-floating plankton. When they look like adults they settle down on the ocean bottom.П >The skeletons of sand dollars are collected on the beaches and used as decorations and jewelry. When broken open, 5 dove-shaped pieces are found inside. The skeletons are very fragile. >No.?Sanderling ?BirdL?gray on top; white below; black legs and beak; rust colored in summerУ?small body; thin, short legs with claws on toes; bill is straight and slightly tapered; makes a sharp "kip" or "quit" sound; very short neck; weighs 2 to 3 ounces; no hind toe, only 3 toes[T ?@[T ?!@Ѕ?mole crabs and other small ocean creatures; it runs up and down the beach with the incoming waves and probes the sand with its beak for prey left by the waves?carnivore'?on sandy beaches and tidal flats` ?they gather on the beaches in flocks to hunt for food; they do not breed in the Carolinas/ ?large birds, man, cats, marsh carnivoresw ?Young hatch from 3-4 brownish-olive eggs. Young birds have a checkerboard pattern on the wings and are brownish.и ?Many people call this bird a "sandpiper". They breed in the Arctic and subArctic areas. One of our smaller shore birds. They are interesting to watch as they scurry up and down the beaches following the waves.Œ ?Yes, but are not eaten now. They were once killed in great numbers for food, but they are no longer hunted and are flourishing again.@Scallop#@Seashell creature: clam-likeg@varied colors, gray, brown, reddish, tan, orange, yellowish, and even black;sometimes w/blotchesР@oval-shaped bivalve with extensions on the hinge area; right valve is rounder than left valve; smooth ribs run vertically along the shell; creature has well developed eyes and tentacles[T @ј?[T @ @.@plankton-microscopic plants and animals@omnivore@shallow water, in soundsІ @does not burrow in sand, but live in hollows in the sand and is free-swimming; it also is found in areas with abundant eelgrass; sometimes has short migrations @sea stars, whelks, manš @Young start life as plankton and then enter a stage where they do not move, allowing the shell to grow. It attaches itself with threads to eelgrassш @This shell is very common on NC beaches. It swims by jet propulsion-expelling water. Throughout history, artists have been inspired by its shape. Crusaders carried the Mediterranean version of the scallop as a badge of honor.š @Yes. They can be broiled or fried. The white meat is very tasty, almost sweet. In Europe, the whole scallop is eaten, in NC, just the hinge muscle.AScotch BonnetASeashell creature: snailfApale yellowish-white to white w\ 3 or more spiral rows of reddish-brown to reddish-yellow spotsAalmost egg-shaped ridged shell with a spire; snail lives inside; ridges circle the heavy shell; large opening with a toothed outer lip on shell bottom[T A№?[T A@Asand dollars, sea urchins; they give off a substance with sulfuric acid to dissolve the outer shell so that the inner flesh may be eatenAcarnivore%Amoderately shallow ocean waterj Athey move along the sand searching for prey; the shells are sometimes washed ashore by heavy storms Alarge fishb AThe female lays egg capsules that look like tall towers. She sits on them as she lays them.ј AIn May 1965, the Scotch Bonnet was named NC's state shell. After the snail inside dies, it can be the home of a Hermit Crab. It's a member of the Helmet Shell family and larger versions of this shell are used for signal horns in the Tropics. ANo.BSea Lettuce BAlgaeBbright green€Bresembles wilted garden lettuce with ruffled irregular edges; thin but tough skin; it feels like waxed paper when touched[T B@[T B.@0Bmakes its on food like other green plants BplantBshallow ocean waterW Bfound on the bottom, usually attached to shells, rocks, and plants on the bottom5 Bmany ocean animals including snails, and birdsC BNew plants grow from floating spores rather than from seeds.и BSea Lettuce is sometimes used for hog food. It is an important source of food for many creatures in and around the ocean and is an important part of the food chain. It has no roots, stems, leaves, or flowers.ф BYes. It can be washed and used in salads or chopped up and put in soups. It is not used very much in NC, but is safe and good to eat and widely used in the Orient for food. It should be picked in spring or early summer.&CSea Star (also called Starfish)CEchinodermSCcan occur in several colors- light orange to red to purple to greenish-blackЗCresemble a star with 5 arms; top looks like is covered with many bumps; mouth is on bottom in the middle; 4 rows of tube feet on each arm; a tiny red eye on the end of each arm[T C@[T C(@ІCoysters, clams, cockles, scallops, and mussels; it opens its prey and sends its stomach out of the mouth into the prey to digest it then brings stomach back inCcarnivore8Cshallow ocean water to water thousands of ft.deepE Cfound on ocean bottom, sometimes found under rocks at low tide! Clarge fish, some sea birdsП CEggs are released into the sea through the arms and they form tiny swimming larvae. They change into adult form, settle on the bottom, and grow to breeding size, 2.5 in., in one year.ї CIf one arm is cut off, the Sea Star can grow a new one. In fact, an arm can grow a new body! They move about on tube feet. One form of Sea Star, the Brittle Star, has a central disk and long snaky arms. It is more fragile than the Sea Star. CNo.DSea UrchinDEchinodermNDpurplish red to dark red to brown or black; can also be whitish or grayПDa round ball covered with spines-resembles a pin- cushion; spines extend from a hard shell-the shell is usually found on the beach; has 5 equal parts, mouth on bottom and has tube feet[T Dа?[T D@ІDalgae, sponges, coral polyps, mussels, sand dollars, and other small invertebrates;dying sea urchins & dead animals; mouth has 5 tooth-like plates to chew foodDomnivore*Dshallow water to water 200 ft. deep“ Dfound in rocky areas, tidal pools, among seaweed, near piers and pilings; they are found in large groups called beds, rarely are found aloneN Dsea stars, conchs, oystercatchers, gulls, crabs, and many kinds of fish] DYoung hatch from eggs and are plankton when born, then later begin to resemble adults.т DSea Urchins move by grasping an object with its tube feet and pulling itself along. 2 kinds of Sea Urchins-the White Sea Urchin and the Purple Urchin are found in NC. Can sometimes dig holes with their teeth and spines.‘ DYes, their eggs are considered a delicacy in the Orient but rarely eaten in NC. Eggs are scraped from the shell and eaten like caviar-raw.ESeatrout EFish)Egray to bluish above-silvery belowШEmany black spots on long slender body and fins; they weigh .5 to 5 lbs., NC and SC record is 12 lbs.; lower jaw projects beyond upper; many teeth with 2 large canine teeth in front of upper jaw[T E@[T E<@dEsmall fish, shrimp and crabs; they are constantly on the prowl for food and very hardy eatersEcarnivore$Eshallow ocean water over sand6 Esometimes found in bays and in open ocean water Eman, large fishК EYoung have broad black stripe along midside. Young are also found in tidal mud flats, salt marshes, and near mouths of rivers. Eggs are laid in bays and near the mouths of rivers.Ц EThe male produces a sound and is a member of the drum family along with the Croaker, Spot, Red Drum and Kingfish. A very popular game fish. It gets its name from its resemblence to the Trout.% EYes. It is a valued food fish.FSheepshead FFish=Fgray to whitish silver with 5-7 vertical black stripesНFlarge head with broad front teeth that protrude beyond the lips; pointed snout; roundish body; sharp top fins; they weigh 1-10 pounds, NC record is 18.5 lbs. and SC record is 15 lbs.[T F(@[T F>@HFbarnacles, crabs, shrimps, and mollusks; they form groups to feedFcarnivoreFmuddy, shallow watern Fthey feed on the bottom and are often caught around piers and bridges; sometimes found near oyster beds Fman, large fish- FVertical bars are darker on the young.б FIt gets its name from its front teeth, which resemble a sheep's teeth. Spines can cause punctures on the skin. They are popular but challenging fish to catch. They nibble instead of taking bait quickly.G FYes. The Sheepshead is a good food fish with an excellent taste.GShipworm#GSeashell Creature: clam-likeGbrownish to gray—Glooks like a worm with 2 half-inch shells on one end; 2 siphons are on the other end; surface of shells have ridges and teeth; body is very soft[T G@[T G,@’Gwood; they burrow in wood, using the 2 shells to scrape away the wood; bacteria live in their stomachs that digest the celluose in the woodGherbivore GwoodŸ Gthey make burrows in driftwood, ships, piers, docks, and pilings; they line their burrows with a white shelly material; the burrow is about .25 in. wide@ Gfish and other sea creatures (mainly when they are young)С GYoung begin life as tiny clam-like creatures that swim in the ocean. They attach themselves to wood and begin to bore. All shipworms are born males, some change to females later in life.ф GShipworms have been nicknamed "Termites of the Sea" and cause millions of dollars of damage to shipping yearly. They can bore .75 inches a day. Shipworms aren't found on the coast, but wood riddled with their burrows are. GNo. HShrimpHCrustaceanVHlight pink, light brown, white, green, light blue, sometimes almost transparentИHfemales larger than males; large tail that covers over 2 thirds of the body; 19 pairs of appendages that include antennae, jaws, feet, walking legs, swimming legs, and tail fans[T Hр?[T H @_Halgae, decaying matter, worms, small fish, small crabs, sometimes their own molted shellHomnivore/Hchannels, ocean-from shallows to 300 ft.1 Hthey swim or walk along the water's bottom Hfish, birds, crabs, man  HYoung hatch from 500,000 to 1,000,000 eggs in deep ocean waters; they are part of ocean plankton and change shape 15 times until it looks like the adult.Ц HThey shed their shells or "molt" as they grow larger. Shrimp are an important part of the ocean food chain. In fall they move to deeper water and return to shallow waters in spring and summerc HYes; a very popular seafood item; NC seafood restaurants fix them boiled, broiled, and fried ISkate IFish>Igray to dark brown on top, white to pale gray on bottom’Idiamond-shaped and very flat body with a long thick tail that is not whiplike; pointed snout, small spines in middle of body; large "wings"[T I(@[T IB@„Icrabs, shellfish, small fish, shrimp, worms and squids; they feed on the bottom; they have powerful teeth for grinding prey.Icarnivore'Ishallow and offshore ocean waterG Ithey lie very still on the bottom and cover themselves with sand Iman, large fishЭ IEggs are in black rectangular leathery cases with a curly "horn" on the corners. The horns bring in oxygen and release wastes. The young can develop for up to 1 yr.& hatch looking like small adults.ф IEmpty egg cases can be found on the beach. They can be very destructive to oyster and scallop beds. They are not harmful to man. They are very primitive creatures that have been on Earth for hundreds of millions of years.† IYes. Meat can be cut from the "wings" and taste like scallops. In fact, in some areas, the meat is cut up and sold as scallops.JSlipper ShellJSeashell creature: snail/Jwhitish with brownish lines or splotches—Jhas a 2 part shell but is not a bivalve, but a snail lives inside; arched, almost oval shaped shell that is smooth or sometimes faintly wrinkled[T Jш?[T J@TJplankton-microscopic plants and animals; they filter plankton like a bi-valveJomnivore0Jshallow tidal waters to water 50 ft. deep_ JThey live on rocks, horseshoe crabs, and other shells like mussels, scallops, or oysters Jsea stars, large fishp JYoung begin their lives as active males. As they grow older and settle to one area, they change to femaleљ JVery common NC shell. Young children use them for boats or "shovels". It is also called the Boat Shell or Quarterdeck. Too many growing on oysters can smother the oyster, but empty shells are sold by the ton and scattered out for oyster beds. JNo.KSpiny LobsterKCrustaceanFKtan-brown with pairs of light yellow or white spots on the tailСKNo claws like Northern lobsters; upper body has spines on the shell and on long antennae( that are as long as the body); a spine over each eye; 5 pairs of legs; can weigh up to 30 pounds[T K(@[T K8@^Kworms, snails, clams and other mollusks, and dead creatures that they hunt for at nightKcarnivore3Kon shore, in shallow water, and deeper water— KThey hide on reefs and ledges among rocks and sponges during the day and hunt at night; they can be found in water from shallows to 300 ft. deep$ Kman, large fish, squid, birdsЫ KFemale lays 5,000 to 100,000 eggs at a time and carries them under her tail for 11 to 12 months. She shakes her tail when they hatch. They swim to the surface before going below and are easy prey.№ KSpiny lobsters can live 15-18 years. They swim by flipping the tail. Every fall they migrate to deeper water by walking in single file in groups of 60 on the ocean bottom. They are getting scarce and only 15 inch lobsters are common.I KYes. The tasty meat has an unique taste. Only the tails are eaten. LSpot LFishKLbluish to silver on top, silvery to white on the bottom; yellow finsСLmouth is low on the head, small dark spot behind gill cover and dark stripes on the tail end of the fish; tail is forked; from the side the body looks round on top and flat on the bottom[T L@[T L,@GLworms, crabs, shrimp, smaller fish, eelgrass, and decaying wasteLomnivore/Loffshore and in moderately shallow waterO Lspots are caught off of piers, in the surf, and just offshore from boats Lman, larger fish LYoung hatch from eggsќ LSpots "run" in the fall and sometimes are caught by the hundreds in nets. They are very plentiful due to their varied diet,their ability to survive water temperatures from 35-95 degrees, & their ability to live in water w/varying amounts of saltf LYes. They have been called the "premiere panfish of the Carolinas", and are mainly eaten fried.MStingray MFish<Mlight brown to gray on top; whitish to gray on bottom~Mflat, wide triangular shaped body; thin whip-like tail with a poisonous spine located on a barb on the base of the tail[T M(@[T MN@pMworms, mussels, crabs, small fish, shrimp, squid, and oysters; they have powerful teeth for grinding preyMcarnivoreMnear shores and in baysh Mthey can hide on the bottom or they can be found gliding through the water just above the bottom. Mman, larger fishš MUnlike skates, eggs develop inside the mother's body and young are born alive, but they get nourishment from a yolk sac instead of from the mother.ћ MA wound from a stingray can be very painful and slow to heal. Sometimes part of the barb gets stuck in the skin. Shuffling the feet as one walks through the water can prevent a sting. If skates and stingrays stop moving they sink to the bottom.В MYes. The meat can be bitter if it is not treated properly. Meat should be bled right after being caught. Then it should be soaked in vinegar or lemon juice before cooking.NStone CrabNCrab (crustacean)DNbrownish-red with gray spots and tan underside; black pincers”Nheavy oval shell; 5 pairs of legs; front pincers are large and heavy but unequal in size; walking legs are very weighty and hairy; small eyes[T N@[T N@ Nbarnacles, oysters, clamsNcarnivoreNchannels, marshes^ Ndeep burrows in muddy channel bottoms; likes rock jetties and also found in marsh grass Nman and large birds† NYoung, like the adults, cannot swim; young crabs are often found in turtle grass beds and in shell and rock on channel bottoms.љ NThe large claws can crush a person's fingers, but this crab is slower and not as agressive as the Blue Crab. It can grow another claw if it loses one. In South Carolina, crab hunters break the large claw off and return the live crab to water.. NYes; claw meat is considered a delicacyOStriped Mullet OFish(Osilvery with a bluish-green tingeУOstout tube-shaped body; rounded head and small mouth; weak teeth; 6-7 stripes run length-wise on the side of the body; they can weigh 10 to 12 pounds; can be seen leaping out of the water[T O$@[T O8@Oalgae, green plants, and small animals; food is taken as mullet suck mud into their mouth and filter the food from the mudOomnivore'Oopen ocean to fresh-water rivers‹ Othey feed on the muddy bottom and travel in large schools; sometimes they travel upriver for many miles, but eggs are laid in ocean.1 Odolphins, larger fish, many birds, and manЂ OEggs are laid offshore in the fall and the eggs drift to areas where rivers meet the ocean. Young called fingerlings stay in these areas for 6 to 8 months.і OCommercial fishermen catch Mullet in large nets. Fingerlings are used for live bait for flounder, bluefish, trout, and mackerel. Like Menhaden, they are very important in the ocean food chain. Why they leap out of the water is a mystery.о OYes. The flesh is wholesome and has a good flavor. It can be smoked, broiled, baked, fried, or barbecued. Eggs or roe are a delicacy and eaten by some people in NC. In Japan, roe may sell for more than $50 per poundPSurf ClamPSeashell creature: clambPyellowish-white w/creamy white inside on larger ones;tan-brown w/tan inside on smaller onesБPsmooth, oval, triangular bivalve; unlike Quahogs, hinge is in the center and shell is thinner and wider; those found south of Cape Hatteras are smaller than Northern ones[T Pќ?[T P@wPplankton-microscopic plants and animals; it siphons water into shell and removes food and oxygen from the water.Pomnivore*Pshallow water to water 140 ft. deepY Pthey bury themselves in sand, gravel, or mud with siphon extending out of the sand: Psea stars, whelks, oyster drills, olive shells, manS PYoung begin life as free swimming plankton, then settle down to grow a shellя P75% of all clams taken commercially in US are Surf Clams, but they are not as important in NC because of their size. In northern states and Virginia, they are dredged up from the bottom by boats. Winter storms wash thousands ashore.€ PYes. Only the hinge muscle is used and they are most commonly eaten as fried clam strips. It is usually sold as fish baitQTulip ShellQSeashell creature: snailfQivory colored with gray, bluish-gray, tan, or brown spotches; also yellowish-orange or greenishЎQspiral shaped shell that is pointed on both ends; large, thin, brownish lines spiral around the shell; teeth-like grooves on outer lip of shell; snail inside is black[T Q@[T Q#@QTulip shells, whelks, conchs, and other snails; they use their toothed tongue to bore a hole into the prey's shell to get creature insideQcarnivore#Qocean water 2 to 30 ft. deeps Qmove along sandy or muddy bottom searching for prey; they retreat into their shell and seal it when attacked6 QTulip shells, whelks, oyster drills, conch, man\ QYoung emerge as swimming larvae from an egg case that resembles a flat V-shaped vase.˜ Q2 species, True Tulip and Banded Tulip are found in NC, but larger True Tulip is rarer. The orange-red True Tulip is most often found in Florida.F QYes. It tastes like conch or whelk and can be eaten in chowder.RTurkey Wing#RSeashell creature: clam-likeXRyellowish-white, yellowish-brown, or white with brown to reddish brown wavy linesЪRbivalve with a fairly rectangular shell that does resemble a turkey's wing; whitish interior; hinge line is very straight with about 50 small teeth; raised ribs form a fan-like pattern from hinge[T Rќ?[T R@\Rmicroscopic plants and animals called plankton; they filter food from the ocean waterRomnivore2Rshallow low-tide water to water 20 ft. deepW Rthey attach themselves to rocks, coral, or other shells with thick heavy threads6 Rolive shells, whelks, oyster drills, large fishl RYoung emerge as plankton, then as they grow, they attach themselves to an object and develop a shell.ы RTheir striped appearance sometimes gives them the name,"Zebra Shell". Both sides of the bivalve shell are fairly identical. In the West Indies, fishermen use it for bait. They are an important part of the Florida shell industry.q RYes, but not in NC. It is eaten in Bermuda, Venezeula, and other parts of South America and the Caribbean. SWhelkSSeashell creature: snailZSyellowish, white, tan, orangish, or brownish with irregular colored whorls of colorСSpear-shaped shell with wide top w/a spire; Lightning whelk is the only one that opens to the left; Knobbed Whelk has knobs on the spire; Channeled Whelk has grooves on top and is rounder[T S@[T S0@›Sclams, oysters, mussels, etc. and dead flesh; it uses its strong foot to pry open the prey's shell and then sticks its head inside and begins eatingScarnivore4Smoderately shallow water to water 60 ft. deepb Sthis large ocean-going snail moves along the sandy or muddy ocean bottom searching for prey Sman, large fishЫ SThe egg case has round discs strung together like a necklace. Whelks hatch from eggs in the disk and eat their way out of the disk. The young look just like the adults and sometime eat each other.т SEmpty egg cases are found on the beaches. The shells are highly sought after by shell collectors. Whelk shells can be used as signal horns. Many times they are found in crab traps eating the dead creatures used as bait.y SYes. They are tasty in chowder and can be used in salsa. They can be substituted for any recipe calling for clams.TWhite Ibis TBirdYTbright white body; pinkish legs; reddish bill; red skin near bill; black wing tipsФTlong legs(legs are red during mating season); long down curving bill-male's bill longer than female; long neck; wing span is up to 3 ft.;is up to 2 ft. tall; makes low harsh grunting sounds[T T6@[T T<@|Tfiddler crabs, snails, worms, insects; wades in the water and uses large bill to sweep water or probe in mud for preyTcarnivoreTislolated tidal flats’ Tavoids areas with people; nests in large colonies; nest made of sticks is found in trees or shrubs; up to 70 nests can be found in one tree@ Tman, large birds prey on young, marsh dwelling carnivores— TYoung hatch from 3-4 eggs and are cared for by both parents. Parents feed young regurgitated fish. Young are brownish with white belly and rump.ѓ TWhen nests are disturbed, young may fall from the nest and usually die on the ground. Bird can be spotted by visiting a state park or other areas free of humans. Ibis's fly with their necks outstretched in a V-formation in large flocks. TNo. UWillet UBird>Ugray body in winter, brown in summer; blue-gray legs; wДUlong, skinny legs; long,straight, heavy, thin beak; when flying, wings have a white stripe bordered by black; makes noisy "kip-kip-kip, pillo-willo-willet or beat-it" sounds[T U,@[T U@0@‚Umole crabs, worms, other small beach animals; it walks up and down the beach with the waves, probing the sand with its beakUcarnivore,Ubeaches, sounds, marshes, tidal flats— Unest is grass-lined hollow on ground behind dunes or in grassy area; nests are usually hidden by grass or bushes; Willets will dive at intruders2 Ularge birds, carnivores in the marshy areas‚ UEggs are greenish-white or brownish-olive speckled brown or purple. Female usually lays 1 to 4 eggs. Young are gray-brown.м UThe large Willets are often seen mingling with the much smaller Sanderlings on the beaches searching for food. They doze in a hunched position. They nest in the Carolinas. It is one of the most common shore birds. UNo.VWorm ShellVSeashell creature: snailKVvaried colors on one animal from pale yellow to reddish brown whorlsЫVlong, narrow, spirialing shell resembling a worm; one end has compact spirals, the rest of the shell has irregular and wider spirals; creature has long body, tentacles, eyes, and a toothed tongue[T V№?[T V@.Vplankton-microscopic plants and animalsVomnivoreVshallow waterЇ Vdoes not live with other worm shells, usually found with sponges or other colonies; found on sandy or muddy bottoms, sometimes on shells, rocks, or live sponges Vfisha VYoung's shell is tightly coiled when born, becoming longer and more irregular as it grows.Ÿ VSometimes known as the Old Maid's Curl. Some scientists say it looks like a petrified angle worm. These unusual shells are frequently found on beaches. VNoCompObjџџџџџџџџџџџџUџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџ